NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 11 Force and Pressure
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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 11 Force and Pressure
Question 1:
Give two examples each of situations in which you push or pull to change the state of motion of objects.
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Answer 1:
(i) Hitting a cricket ball.
(ii) Kicking to football.
Question 2:
Give two examples of situations in which applied force causes a change in the shape of an object.
Answer 2:
(i) Stretching a rubber belt.
(ii) Pressing a rubber ball ot toothpaste tube.
Question 3:
Fill in the blanks in the following statements:
(a) To draw water from a well we have to __________ at the rope.
Answer: (a) To draw water from a well we have to pull at the rope.
(b) A charged body __________ an uncharged body towards it.
Answer : (b) A charged body attracts an uncharged body towards it.
(c) To move a loaded trolley we have to __________ it.
Answer: (c) To move a loaded trolley we have to push it.
(d) The north pole of a magnet __________ the north pole of another magnet.
Answer: (d) The north pole of a magnet repels the north pole of another magnet.
Question 4:
An archer stretches her bow while taking aim at the target. She then releases the arrow, which begins to move towards the target. Based on this information fill up the gaps in the following statements using the following terms:
muscular, contact, non-contact, gravity, friction, shape, attraction
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 11 Force and Pressure
(a) To stretch the bow, the archer applies a force that causes a change in its _________.
Answer: (a) To stretch the bow, the archer applies a force that causes a change in its shape.
(b) The force applied by the archer to stretch the bow is an example of _________ force.
Answer: (b) The force applied by the archer to stretch the bow is an example of contact force.
(c) The type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a _________ force.
Answer: (c) The type of force responsible for a change in the state of motion of the arrow is an example of a muscular force.
(d) While the arrow moves towards its target, the forces acting on it are due to _________ and that due to _________ of air.
Answer: (d) While the arrow moves towards its target, the forces acting on it are due to gravity and that due to friction of air.
Question 5:
In the following situations identify the agent exerting the force and the object on which it acts. State the effect of the force in each case.
(a) Squeezing a piece of lemon between the fingers to extract its juice.
Answer: Here the agent which exert force is fingers and the object on which force is acts is lemon.
Here due to acting of force the shape of the object (lemon) is changed.
(b) Taking out paste from a toothpaste tube.
Answer: Here The agent which apply force is finger of the hand and the object on which the force is acts is toothpaste tube.
Here due to acting of force the shape of the object (toothpaste tube) will changed.
(c) A load suspended from a spring while its other end is on a hook fixed to a wall.
Answer: Here the agent which apply the force is load and the object on which force is applied is the spring.
Due to applying of force on the spring its shape and size will changed.
(d) An athlete making a high jump to clear the bar at a certain height.
Answer: Here legs of the athlete apply force and the object on which force is applied is ground.
Due to applying force the athlete cover a distance by jumping.
NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Science Chapter 11 Force and Pressure
Question 6:
A blacksmith hammers a hot piece of iron while making a tool. How does the force due to hammering affect the piece of iron?
Answer 6: The force due to hammering change the shape of the piece of iron.
Question 7: An inflated balloon was pressed against a wall after it has been rubbed with a piece of synthetic cloth. It was found that the balloon sticks to the wall. What force might be responsible for the attraction between the balloon and the wall?
Answer 7: Here the force which act between the inflated balloon and wall is electrostatic force of attraction.
When we rubbed the inflated balloon by a synthetic cloth some subatomic particle are exchange between the balloon and the synthetic cloth. As a result, the balloon get some charged. When this charged balloon brings near to a wall which is uncharged then an electrostatic force of attraction acts between them because electrostatic force is acts between a charged body and an uncharged body.
Question 8: Name the forces acting on a plastic bucket containing water held above ground level in your hand. Discuss why the forces acting on the bucket do not bring a change in its state of motion.
Answer 8: Here is two force act on the bucket and they are
(i) gravitational force which acts downwards
(ii) muscular force which apply by the muscles of the hand in upward direction.
Since the magnitude of these two forces are same and they are acting is opposite direction, hence net force will zero. So there is no change in the motion of the body.
Question 9: A rocket has been fired upwards to launch a satellite in its orbit. Name the two forces acting on the rocket immediately after leaving the launching pad.
Answer 9:
Two forces acting on the rocket immediately after leaving the launching pad are:
(i) Frictional force due to air.
(ii) gravitational force applied by the earth pulling in downward direction.
Question 10: When we press the bulb of a dropper with its nozzle kept in water, air in the dropper is seen to escape in the form of bubbles. Once we release the pressure on the bulb, water gets filled in the dropper. The rise of water in the dropper is due to
(a) pressure of water
(b) gravity of the earth
(c) shape of rubber bulb
(d) atmospheric pressure
Answer 10: (d) atmospheric pressure.
When we pressed the bulb of the dropper, the inside the dropper removed out. As a result, inside the dropper there is a empty place created and the pressure inside the dropper become less. So outside air in the atmosphere which has comparatively high pressure try to get inside the dropper and apply pressure on the surface of the water and water get inside the dropper when we release the force over the dropper.
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